Volcanic Cooling

How Volcanic Eruptions Cool the Planet: The Sulfur Pathway from Eruption Column to Global Temperature Drop

Large explosive volcanic eruptions cool the planet by injecting sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere, where it transforms into reflective sulfuric acid aerosols. This stratospheric haze scatters sunlight, causing measurable global cooling for years, a stark contrast to long-term warming from human CO2 emissions.